Country Information
| Sovereign State | Yes |
| Country Codes | EE, EST, 233 |
| Official Name | Republic of Estonia |
| Continent | Europe |
| Capital | Tallinn |
| Government Type | Parliamentary republic |
| Currency | Euro (EUR) |
| Calling Code | +372 |
| Member Of | United Nations, European Union, NATO, OECD, Council of Europe |
| Population | Approx. 1.3 million (as of 2023) |
| Total Area | 45,339 square kilometers |
| Highest Point | Suur Munamägi (318 meters or 1,043 feet) |
| Lowest Point | Baltic Sea (0 meters or 0 feet) |
| GDP Per Capita | Approx. $23,000 (as of 2023) |
| Life Expectancy | Approx. 78 years (as of 2023) |
| Internet TLD | .ee |
Estonia National Anthem
Mu isamaa, mu õnn ja rõõm (My Fatherland, My Happiness and Joy)
My Fatherland, my happiness and joy,
How beautiful you are!
I shall not find such as you
Anywhere in the world.
May your blossoms never fade,
May your heart stay youthful,
Blessed be your mornings,
My Fatherland, my happiness and joy!
Flags of Neighboring Countries
History of the Estonia Flag
The national flag of Estonia, known as the “sinimustvalge” (blue-black-white), was officially adopted on November 21, 1918, shortly after the country declared independence from the Russian Empire.
The flag consists of three horizontal bands of blue (top), black, and white. The blue symbolizes the country’s skies, seas, and lakes; the black represents the dark past and suffering of the Estonian people under foreign rule; and the white signifies hope, purity, and the snow that blankets Estonia in winter.
The origins of the flag date back to the 19th century, when it was used as a symbol by the Estonian Students’ Society, a group pivotal in the national awakening of Estonia. The flag became a symbol of national unity and pride during the struggle for independence and was later banned during the Soviet occupation. Despite this, it remained a symbol of national identity and resistance.
The re-adoption of the flag in 1991 following the collapse of the Soviet Union marked the restoration of Estonian independence. Since then, the flag has become a powerful symbol of freedom, sovereignty, and national pride. It is prominently displayed on public buildings, at national events, and is revered by Estonians as a symbol of their enduring spirit and rich cultural heritage. The simplicity and symbolic depth of the flag’s design resonate with the Estonian people’s connection to their land, history, and aspirations for the future.
